Script 1: Hello World and Variables

#!/bin/bash
# Print hello and use variables

NAME="Alice"
echo "Hello, $NAME! Welcome to Bash scripting."

# You can also read input from user
read -p "Enter your favorite color: " COLOR
echo "Your favorite color is $COLOR."

Run it:

chmod +x script1.sh
./script1.sh

Immediate insight:

• $NAME → variable usage

• read -p → takes user input

Script 2: Looping Through Files

#!/bin/bash
# List all .txt files in current directory

for file in *.txt
do
    echo "Found file: $file"
done

Run it:

./script2.sh

Insight:

• for file in *.txt → iterates over files matching the pattern

• Useful for batch processing

Script 3: Conditional Logic

#!/bin/bash
# Check if a directory exists

DIR="backup"

if [ -d "$DIR" ]; then
    echo "Directory $DIR exists."
else
    echo "Directory $DIR does not exist. Creating it..."
    mkdir "$DIR"
fi

Immediate insight:

• [ -d "$DIR" ] → checks if a directory exists

• mkdir → creates directory

Script 4: Simple Backup Script

#!/bin/bash
# Backup .txt files to backup folder

SRC_DIR="."
DEST_DIR="backup"

mkdir -p "$DEST_DIR" # create backup folder if not exists

for file in *.txt
do
    cp "$file" "$DEST_DIR/"
    echo "Backed up $file to $DEST_DIR/"
done

Run it:

./script4.sh

Immediate insight:

• mkdir -p → creates folder only if it doesn't exist

• cp → copies files

• This script can run daily with cron for automation

Script 5: Simple Logging

#!/bin/bash
# Log current date and list of files

LOG_FILE="script.log"
echo "Run on $(date)" >> "$LOG_FILE"
ls >> "$LOG_FILE"
echo "Logged current directory files."

Immediate insight:

• >> → append output to a file

• Useful for recording actions or cron jobs

Summary

In this style:

• You write working scripts first

• See results immediately

• Learn by running and modifying